The Black Regulars 1866-1898 by William A. Dobak and Thomas D. Phillips. Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma Press, 2001.

ISBN 0-8061-3340-6.

This complex, richly documented treatment of the activities, lives, and relationships of black soldiers in the West is the single best book on the subject.

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The Buffalo Soldiers: A Narrative of the Negro Cavalry in the West by William H. Leckie. Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma Press, 1967.

ISBN 0-8061-1244-1.

For anyone just beginning to study the activities of black soldiers in the West, this book is still the place to start. Leckie traces the activities and contributions of the 9th and 10th Cavalry in the West during the generation after the Civil War. With more than 20 printings over thirty-five years, this book has achieved the status of a classic.

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The Frontier Army in the Settlement of the West by Michael L. Tate. Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma Press, 1999.

ISBN 0-8061-3173-X.

The Army protected settlers, stimulated economic development, offered professional services, built and protected transportation routes, and provided emergency relief in the wake of disasters. This superb study of the complex role of the military in encouraging westward expansion provides important context for anyone interested in the activities of black soldiers.

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